Monday, September 30, 2019

Shayla Smith

Summer Swimming Incident Shayla Smith stayed a few nights of summer vacation with her friend, Tamara, whose Mom and Dad, Bob and Susan Tuttle, took Shayla and their daughter, Tamara, camping. Shayla’s mom was happy for the break, as Shayla is dyslexic, and that has caused her to have a difficult time at school. Consequently, she acts out, and is a handful for her single mom! The campground is small, but has a fun mini-golf game, hiking trails, and has a pool, but no diving board, and no lifeguard; it is a sand-bottom pool, fed by an artesian well, so it is clean, but murky.The owners, Owen and Dolly Jones, who own and operate the campground, don’t have any security on the premises because they are a ‘mom and pop’ operation, and the campers all come back year after year. The sign out front says, â€Å"Everyone’s family at the O & D Family Campground! † Tamara’s family was looking for a summer spot to which they can return year after year , so they gave the O & D a try this year. The first morning after arriving, the two 10 year-old girls hit the pool at about 9:30, even though it is not supposed to open for another half hour, according to the sign at the entrance.Tamara dove into the pool, and said, â€Å"Ow! It’s shallow here, but it is warm! Come on in! † Shayla yelled, â€Å"What? † and dove in right next to Tamara, but she hit bottom and broke her arm. Tamara saved her from drowning by pulling her to the side of the pool, and then helping her out to the bank. They call out for Tamara’s parents, who came out and immediately called the ambulance. Owen and Dolly returned from breakfast in town, and rushed into the pool area before the ambulance even arrived.Tamara’s mom wondered why the pool was not marked as shallow on that end, but Dolly says they put up the signs every morning when they get ready to officially open the pool, plus the pool is sand bottom and relatively soft anyw ay. Shayla’s family wants to sue Tamara’s parents for negligent supervision, as well as the campground for negligence. Writing Assignment 1: Post-Interview Memorandum This week, you should be working on your Post-Interview Memorandum. In most cases, paralegals are responsible for dictating memoranda to clients' files that summarize information obtained during interviews.Depending on a particular firm's preference, the summary may be in narrative or outline form. Post-interview memoranda should be prepared immediately after an interview, when details and notes remain familiar and fresh in your mind. There are typically five parts to a memorandum: (1) preamble, (2) description of the client's problem (Issue); (3) evaluation of the client; (4) discussion of the relevant facts; (5) conclusions and recommendations about the case. You will be writing a post-interview memorandum and submitting it in Unit 3.The memo will be based primarily on the facts given in the fact scenar io (first introduced in Unit 1) and on your own impression of the case. Additionally, you will â€Å"interview† Shayla and her mom, Mary Smith, in the Unit 2 seminar. Your instructor will play the roles of the witnesses. If you believe you will need additional facts, you should create a section in the memo that describes the other information you will need. See the sample post-interview memorandum below, as well as the description that follows it.Also see the Sample Interview Summary based on your initial interview of Mary Smith, Shayla's mom. The seminar â€Å"interview† will be your initial meeting with Shayla and your follow-up interview of Mary. Client Evaluation (Preamble): Evaluation of Mary Smith Date: 6-1-2008 [Put Issue here] Client Impression: Mary Smith is the mother of the injured child, Shayla. She is Caucasian, weighs approximately 150 lbs. , and is 5'2†³. She has a full head of dark brown hair worn at shoulder length.Mary is a secretary in a small i nsurance agency and is dressed professionally in a black suit. Mary was cooperative during the interview and was very responsive to my questions. However, she did not bring in any documentation though we had requested her medical bills, etc. Mary repeatedly asked me how long the case would take and mentioned her â€Å"large bills† from Shayla's accident several times. Mary is a single mother, and Shayla's father is not really in the picture and provides no financial support for Shayla's care. Mary does not have any kind of insurance.I found Mary to be a nice-looking woman though a bit frazzled. She was articulate but talked a little loudly. I think she would make a good impression on a judge or jury, but she is a little anxious to â€Å"score the big one† for Shayla's injuries. [Put Facts Here] Fact Questions: Where is the campground located? Who was supervising Shayla and Tamara? What is the layout of the pool? How deep and large is it? Were there any signs around the pool? Is there a lifeguard on duty? Have there been previous incidences at this campground pool?I am not sure Mary and Shayla have a viable case, as more investigation is needed. Recommend that we do the following fact development: More contact with client regarding bills and treatment Interviews with all witnesses, including ambulance personnel Obtain information about the campground, the pool, and any warning signs Obtain all medical records [put short conclusion here] Submit your paper to the Dropbox by the end of Unit 3. For additional help, view Power Point Presentation on legal memoranda below.

Sunday, September 29, 2019

Neonatal Nursing

Nursery/Neonatal Nurse Chamberlain College of Nursing Nursery Nursing A Nursery Nurse is a nurse who provides medical care for newborns and infants. Although they usually work in hospital nurseries, some work in outpatient care centers or private residences, providing in-home care for sick infants. Nursery nurses can also be categorized as neonatal (newborn) or pediatric nurses, depending on the age group they serve.Nursery Nurses may have a different title but perform many of the same duties as RNs and LPNs, including: administering treatments, medications, tests, and procedures, assisting physicians, creating or updating patient care plans, maintaining patient records and other duties but this all depends on the nursery level in which they work. I would like to be a nursery/neonatal nurse because I love working with newborns, I want to be challenged in my career, and I want to have a rewarding/successful profession. I would love to become a Nursery/neonatal nurse.I love newborns, t hey are little bundles of joy and I can be trusted to care for them. It’s not an easy job as some people would think. Not all babies come out â€Å"healthy† some are born with defects and need special care and that’s where we come in. Before this class I just knew I wanted to be a nurse but I was lost with finding which nursing role was for me. I went through six different nurse titles and I believe this one suits me the best. Now that I know what kind of nurse I want to be I can make sure I’m taking all the right classes and working harder to become a nursery nurse.Becoming a Nursery Nurse takes training, experience and education. You would need working knowledge of health and safety, good communication skills, ability to work with a team, NNEB, CACHE level 3, NVQ level 2/3 or equivalent, previous experience working within a similar environment and a little bit more. You have to ask yourself am I physical, emotional and spiritual prepared to care for chi ldren, can I distract them during unpleasant procedures. I have asked myself these questions and I am ready to care for others children.As I have said before this role is not easy and it will challenge me to become a great Nursery Nurse to take great care of newborns. More advanced roles will usually require additional training and/or experience. There is an organization called NHS employing organizations that may provide support to nursery assistants and nursery nurses, working towards relevant qualifications. Becoming a Nursery Nurse is rewarding because considering that newborns don’t talk, their non-verbal signs need to be decoded by nursing professionals. To me this is an important skill because if we don’t know what the babies need we can’t take care of them.They can identify and interpret signs babies display, because of alterations in their health, and proper care can be delivered and shared with family members. Understanding of the child's pain or other behaviors can be transmitted to the family members. I can imagine how these nurses feel knowing that they’re making the babies healthy and happy. Nursery nursing care is an interactional process of three channels: it involves interactions between the professional/newborn and professional/newborn and family (Pinheiro EM, Siiva MJP, Angelo A, Ribeiro CA). Although the work is non-stop according to payscale. om (2010) â€Å"the average salary with an advanced degree is $80,000†. It couldn’t get any better when you love going to work every day and getting paid a good amount of money while doing it. Nursing is a great career to invest in if you love helping people. I love helping people but I would prefer to work with babies because they are helpless and need people like me who are dedicated to only them. I will stay in school and get the best education I can to advance in my career. I feel this profession will fulfill my dreams and I will have a rewarding career.Re ferences Caleeda (2007). Nursery nurse. From http://www. caleeda. co. uk/page24/page32/page32. html Crown copyright. NURSERY NURSE AND NURSERY ASISTANT. (2006) http://www. nhscareers. nhs. uk/explore-by-career/wider-healthcare-team/careers-in-the-wider-healthcare-team/corporate-services/nursery-nursenursery-assistant/ Pinheiro, E. , Silva, M. , Angelo, M. , ; Ribeiro, C. (2008). The meaning of interaction between nursing professionals and newborns/families in a hospital setting. Revista Latino-Americana De Enfermagem (RLAE), 16(6), 1012-1018. .

Saturday, September 28, 2019

Education and Skills in Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Education and Skills in Japan - Essay Example Adult education has also offered to cater for those never had childhood education or those who want to further their informal education. Market offers avenues where the skills acquired through the education system are applied. A balance between education which supply skilled and vocationally-oriented workforce and the market has to be established for viable economy of a country to grow. The future of a country economic growth and development is much dependent on emphasis placed on the education system which supply work force in the market. Education and skills that an individual possesses form the personality and worthiness in the society. The role of education is the social purpose, intellectual purpose, economic purpose and civil/political purpose. The economic purpose reflects that most of those countries with high levels of literacy are the richest countries in the world based on GDP per capita. Market requires education and skills that are able to meet its workforce qualifications successfully. There are usually two approaches i.e. basic scenario and target scenario which if well formulated leads to high levels of employment coupled with high quality jobs for economic growth. Current Market requires individuals who are knowledgeable and well equipped with new sophisticated technologies to offer solutions in the society. The market offers opportunities for employment based on education and skills possessed by an individual but market forces tend to exploit education qualification at the expense of supply and this should be controlled and regulations formulated by government through the ministry of education of different nations to offer terms and conditions for any opportunities that arise in the market. 2 Japan has level of education due to well formulated system after war in the country. The model of education consists of mandatory free basic schooling for children aged 6 to 15 years. Upper secondary not mandatory but about 94% of those who attend lower education enrol and about a 40% of upper secondary graduates make to tertiary education. Today there is high enrolment rate in public institutions leading to high productivity rate in its population. This has led to a mature and learning society with rising incomes, more free time and rise in old population engaged in learning activities. The graph 1.1 below reflects the number of students who advances to high school from the year 1960 to 2001. There is positive growth in percentage from 57.7% in 1960 and tend to stagnate at 95% by the year 2000.3 This indicates high level of retention of students who forms part of 40 % tertiary institutions. Graph 1.2 reflects the gender parity among those who advance to tertiary institutions for the period. Male students dominated female the whole period but it reached at time between 1975 and 1990 when male enrolment decline significantly while that of female kept a positive growth. This led to narrowing the gap from 40.4% male and female 12.5% in 1970 to 46.9% male and 32.7% female in 1990.4 - Source: Asahi Shumbun Newspaper, 2006 Source: Asahi Shumbun Newspaper, 2006 Conclusion Economic prosperity of country heavily relies on education system that produces the work force. Market alone cannot shape the destiny of education and

Friday, September 27, 2019

New Media in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

New Media in China - Essay Example (Ditong, 2009). This was unexpected of China. As in the past, Chinese media had never broadcasted instantly news related to natural disasters without the consultation and direction from the Chinese Government. But this was the first time it had behaved differently. In the 1980’s reporting of such disasters was not allowed as it was considered not to be in the best interest of China. It was thought that reporting such events would harm the country’s good reputation. With time, China’s perspective regarding the broadcasting of news related to natural disasters changed to becoming more open and less introvert. And now reporting such events is no longer a politically sensitive issue. This was an example of one medium change among the different forms of Chinese media with the passage of time. All Chinese media experienced similar change as the world advanced. History: Traditional Media to New Media in China With the change of dynasties and rulers, China experienced ev olutionary changes in its media reforms. Starting from the 1956, it was the first time that a Chinese computer scientist edited the article on computer theory. In the year 1978, Den Xiaoping, the Time Magazine person of the year, became the ruler of China and he brought a transition from planned to a market economy and also the existing Chinese television channel kept its name as CCTV. In 1979, a first advertisement of a toothpaste was published in Tianjin Daily and a first TV commercial was broadcasted. Furthermore, the â€Å"Stars†, a group of artists, made artwork that was not acceptable by the Chinese authority, so they were never allowed to display their works. However, they displayed their portraits outside the Chinese Art Gallery shocking the citizens of China who were culture oriented and the paintings for away from their culture. In 1980, the first woman’s magazine was published on July 1 talking about women’s health, fashion and beauty related issues. In 1982, the Chinese Government declared the Advertisement Management Temporary Regulations. These regulations were not like forced laws and their purpose was to support the advertisement industry and make them progress. Western rock music was discussed for the first time in 1983 in a Chinese magazine called the New Observer (translated). Reforms were introduced by the Chinese Government in that year which decentralized the television and radio broadcasting units to some extent. In 1984, when the Kong Fu television series started airing, the tv series from other countries also began being broadcasted which included the Mexican, Brazilian and Japanese serials. Furthermore, an overseas magazine got published on contract with the New York Magazine. In 1986, many extraordinary changes took place. A global advertising company established its office in China. Secondly, a first email is sent from one Chinese scientist to another living in Switzerland. After another ten years, the internet became available to the common public. In June 1989, China was experiencing an internal conflict which was later named Tiananmen Square Massacre by the West. This conflict was broadcasted live by the CNN in Beijing. For the first time, an internal conflict of China came to be watched by millions of people in the world. However; the government fired two of the CCTV representatives who had participated in that live broadcast. In 1994, an English language newspaper in China created its website which also published foreign news in its content which was

Thursday, September 26, 2019

New Hire Communication Worksheet Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

New Hire Communication Worksheet - Assignment Example The purpose of the message is to introduce the new hires to this unique way of doing things by the company. The audiences, in this case, are the new hires. The audience share certain characteristics such as being new to the company, being newly hired and lacking knowledge about the company’s culture, processes and procedures. Therefore, when the HR employee is writing the message, he should know that these are people without the knowledge about the company’s culture. The new hires, however, already know that they have been employeed and formed part of the company. They already know the purpose, vision and mission of the company. To deliver the message effectively, convening a meeting with the new hires so that a verbal reading of the message can be done by the HR employee as the best channel to deliver the message to the new hires. This is most effective because it will enable the message to reach all the audiences at the same time, hence uniformity in message delivery. Similarly, this channel gives an opportunity to the new hires to raise their queries and ask the HR employee all the questions about other things they would wish to know about the company. The suitable writing strategies to write the message is through the use of steps where the address comes first, followed by the subject matter and then the body and salutation at the end. The writing style would be formal where the messge would be short, precise and direct to the point. The writing will also be done in point form to make the literature short but precise and direct on the message. Write a rough draft of the message below using the analysis you did in Step 1. Make sure your message is appropriate for the purpose and audience (e.g., new hires). Use an outline to help organize your thoughts. I hereby write to inform you about our culture, processes and procedures. Some of these you will get to learn during your work with us, but for now, I will just give you some fw

Wednesday, September 25, 2019

Econometrics Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Econometrics - Literature review Example gh ROA are sure that the same success will transform into a better market price for its stock as fundamental profitability exploration is a true indication of a firm’s performance. Similarly, it has been comparatively challenging to identify the exact value of a firm since stocks are subjected to speculative swings. Noteworthy, there has been an increased prominence and concentration on the dingy outlook for social security and personal retirement plans, factors that make it exceedingly important for people to comprehend the factors that drive a company’s profitability to enable them make sound investment decisions. Apparently, considering the dynamism that is prominent in the corporate world, it becomes imperative that even managers and investors gain a candid understanding of how the various activities that a firm engages in affects its profitability and how that affect its dividends pay-out, performance in the industry and how its projection on sales and other long-term assets and liabilities is affected. This study will investigate the effects of factors such as the sector the firm is classified in, capital expenditures, debt-to-equity ratios, sales and R&D (research and development) expenditures on a firm’s ROA. To gauge the importance of these factors, I will conduct a multivariate regression analysis of the presented data. However, prior and the analysis and setting up of a model that describes the effects of the factors, a comprehensive literature review regarding the aforementioned factors is inevitable. McLaney & Peter evaluate the dependability, uses and elements of market-value and accounting measures of profitability. Apparently, they find that variations between market-value and accounting measures of profitability connote the cogency of cautionary remarks regarding the use of accounting data (McLaney & Peter 122). Additionally, there exists an important explanatory role for industry growth, leverage, TV advertising and R&D intensity as

Tuesday, September 24, 2019

Bioterrorism and Disease management, Communicable disease Prevention Essay

Bioterrorism and Disease management, Communicable disease Prevention and Control - Essay Example The planning, evaluation and implementation of programs meant to prevent or control communicable diseases require nurses to first identify the nature or type of communicable disease and the mode of transmission (Heymann, 2008). The second step is the development of the manual indicating the common symptoms that are shown by the disease and then devising the preventive measures that the public should take to avoid being infected. This first step is essential to enable the nurses immediately devise a public awareness campaign that informs the public regarding the outbreak of the communicable disease and the manner in which it is transmitted, as well as the most common and observable symptoms that the public should look out for (Heymann, 2008). The second step helps the public to avoid contacting the communicable disease through its various transmittable ways, by observing and then applying the preventive measures. The nurses also develops he right treatment procedures for the affected population, while applying other preventive measures such quarantines and isolations where necessary, most especially when the disease is categorized as contagious (Schlipkà ¶ter& Flahault, 2010). The Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines bioterrorism as the deliberate act of releasing of harmful biological, living microorganisms or their products to the population, with the intention of causing illnesses or even death to the target population (CDC, 2007). The target population for bioterrorism could be humans, animals or plants, which are targeted for destruction by the bioterrorists, with the intention of generating and accelerating fear and panic among the public. This is owing to the fact that the biological destruction can be gradual and less noticeable than the physical destruction, and thus capable of causing more panic and anxiety (CDC, 2007). The positive effect of

Monday, September 23, 2019

Strategic Management Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic Management Analysis - Essay Example t PESTEL analysis is generally a tool that assists the organisations to make the strategies by helping them to comprehend the external environment where they operate now or might operate in the near future. PESTEL analysis will assist Thomas Cook in understanding its environment in which it operates and will assist them to build certain strategies in order to overcome the threats that it possesses (Renewal Associates, 2003). The head of the political system of Britain is a monarch. The three arms of the state as stated in the classical political theory are the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. There are three political parties in the UK system of politics namely the Labour Party, the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democrat Party (Roger Darlington, 2010). The government of the UK doesn’t permits spending its money in countries abroad and prefers its citizens to spend their money in the UK itself and take their holidays in the UK instead of abroad in order to promote domestic tourism. This might have an adverse impact upon the Thomas Cook. The economic crisis of Greece had an adverse affect on the holiday booking in the country. In addition to this it was evident that the currency rate fluctuation also has an adverse impact upon the outbound as well as inbound tourist. The value of sterling or pound in opposition to another currency has an impact upon the cost of coming to the UK for the inbound tourists. The fluctuation of currency rates may affect the tourism in other ways as well. The tour operators may find out that the charges that have been decided with hoteliers as well as transporters in different nations might increase as well as decrease because of the ‘currency movements’. There has been a trend of accessing the internet and buying the necessary goods online in the UK. People of the UK love to listen to music and radio; and like to socialise by entertaining families and friends at home rather than going outside. They are more

Sunday, September 22, 2019

Your choice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Your choice - Essay Example The possible fears are expressed based on the overall fragile political and geo strategic location of Iran and other adjoining countries in that region, as a result, a continuous effort has been put in by the Global community towards disarming Iran in the context of nuclear armament and becoming declared nuclear powers. According to the report published in Jpost, United States of America is pondering over allowing Iran to continue the nuclear technology provided it ensures the global community that the world would not be put at danger from its intentions and also it would not pursue this technology for military gains. This comes as a breakthrough. Although there has been no official word about this, but the Jpost newspaper online source has claimed it. To further support its claim the newspaper post claims that Turkey has been used as an influence and has been asked to convey the message to the Iranian regime(Jpost). Washington post in contrast has maintained the views that Iran is persistently following the path that would lead it to become the 8th declared state to be equipped with the nuclear arsenal. Washington post has supported its claims based on the statements of Michael Oren, who is the ambassador to the United States. He has termed overall intentions and ambitions of Iran as counterproductive towards the global peace and most importantly that of the Middle East. Iranian ambitions have been bridged to the Syrian Nexus and the potential usage of the chemical weapons that came about in mid 2013 in Syria. The article further claims, Iran has acquired over 180 kilograms (Oren) of the hazardous material which is subjected to sanction and disapproval of the global community and I.A.E.A in particular (Garrett & Hart, p 108). Large amount of intelligence reporting and investigation has been undertaken into the entire process and time and again it has been reported by the

Saturday, September 21, 2019

Philosophy of Gender Essay Example for Free

Philosophy of Gender Essay Some people aspire for successful lives, but I think success is overrated. What Im trying to do is living my life according to what I think is right. This means learning not only inside the classroom, but also outside. This is because I believe that education inside the classroom is very limited, which is why we should take the initiative to control our education.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   So I start my day by having breakfast. I also read the paper while eating. One must still be aware of the current political and social issues; we must never be isolated from society. These are the peoples issues, so we must not be isolated from what they are engaged in. We are working for a better society not for ourselves, but also for other people and the next generation, so we must be integrated with their issues.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After breakfast, I go to school. In school, aside from attending class, I talk to the personnel. I ask their opinion on issues. I ask how their lives are. Through this way, I get a perspective on how they think. It is very interesting because they are usually very outspoken. Sometimes, I learn so much more from them than the textbooks they make us read in class.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After class, I sometimes do volunteer work. I treat this as my â€Å"other class.† It supplements what I learn in class, and sometimes I get to apply what I learned inside the classroom as well. This class teaches me a lot, from relating with other people to critical thinking. Then I go home. I eat, study, then read. I may not have a lot of stuff, but I do have a lot of books.   I love reading. This opens my mind to a lot of possibilities, as well as solutions. I also love reading about great odds being surpassed by ordinary people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For a democracy to work, I think the citizens should be proactive people. For this to happen, they have to be trained even while in school. And this would entail letting them take control of their education, planning their own curriculum, carrying out their own lesson plan. When one speaks of a rational state of consciousness, one is talking of the state when ones mind is consciously doing something, like crossing the street. This kind of state requires ones full attention. When one speaks of non-rational consciousness, it is when ones mind is engaging in an activity that ones mind can do subconsciously; its whole attention is not on the activity. Habits and learned behavior fall under this state. An example would be tapping ones foot. And when one talks of the irrational state, it is the state of being unconscious, such as sleeping deeply. When in this state, one is unaware of what is happening. Have you had your heart broken? I have, once. I loved her, but she left me. Maybe she thought the world is a better companion. I do not know. It has been years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Her name was Lilith. She was a remarkable being, all magic and desire. She had hair that was like waterfalls cascading down to earth; fluid, wild, breath-taking, hypnotizing. Her body was like the hills and mountains of the earth, curvaceous and fertile. She also provided the   intellectual stimulation that I needed. In my youth, I was too arrogant and stubborn to see that.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I had asked Father for a mate. I was lonely, and I had no one to share my experiences of naming and taking care of the creatures Father put under my care. I also wanted someone who would complement my efforts of organizing the whole of Creation, listening intently, while serving me a delicious meal. So I told the Father how lonely I was.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   He made a mate, and called it woman. I accepted her, and we lived together. I thought we were going to be happy together forever in paradise. I made her wait on me, serve me, obey me. I wanted her to only wander when I was with her. I wanted her to do all the domestic duties, because I was busy managing the Garden of Eden.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We got along sometimes. Lilith, skilled with words, would contribute to my summary of what I did during the day, pointing out which names fitted the creature exactly. I thankfully used her suggestions, being inept with words, having been alone for some time. But mostly we fought day and night. We had different views on most things. She wanted to talk about how we feel; I could not successfully keep up with her analysis on why she is annoyed when the sheep just leaves its droppings lying around. She wanted to do things on her own; she could not understand that I was afraid of losing her, which is why I do not want her wandering off. She wanted the privilege of naming and managing the creatures in Creation; I could not make her understand that this was a job given to me, and she should try other activities in the Garden. She talked of how Eden could be made better; I would rather focus on the conditions now.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   So we fought. She would not do the things I told her were her duties as my wife. She said she wanted to do other things. She could not understand that her declining means undermining my authority. I know I should not have shouted at her and pulled her hair, but she made me angry. So when she left, I did not go looking for her. We have had disputes before, and though it is unlike her to not talk the problem over, I decided to pay no heed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But then, days after, she has not yet returned. So I told the Father of my concern. He sent messengers to her, but she would not yield. She would not come back to Eden, to me.

Friday, September 20, 2019

Use And History Of Song Backmasking Music Essay

Use And History Of Song Backmasking Music Essay Each one of us has his/her favorite song, different bands, and different genres. And upon listening to music, it gives us inspiration, relaxes our minds and let us release our emotions and tensions. But would you believe that in some music we hear and every song that we sing, there lies a hidden message that lies within its lyrics and sound. And the process of discovering those things is called Backward Masking or usually referred as Backmasking. It is done by playing a song reversely or reading the lyrics backward. A. History of Backmasking Song Backmasking began in 1966 when the band, Beatles used it in recording their album, Revolver (Sullivan, 1987). Album tracks like Tomorrow Never Knows, Im Only Sleeping and Rain were the songs that have used techniques of musique concrà ¨te in recording (Mugan, 2006). Musique Concrà ¨te is an avant-garde form of electronic music which involves editing together fragments of natural and industrial sounds; and the concurrent spread of the use of tape recorders in recording studios(White, 2007). After the Beatles used backmasking, artists in time also used it for enhancing the both analog and digital recording of their tracks, by producing comedic and satiric effect. Some artists used backmasking to censor some words and phrases for clean release of sounds (Sullivan 1987). II. Uses of Backmasking A. Satanic Backmasking Satanic Backmasking involved classic rock songs, but composers of these songs denied any intent to promote Satanism. Some bands use Satanic imagery just for commercial use, one of these is the trash metal band, Slayer. The band used it in their 1985 album Hell Awaits (UGO Networks, 2009), in that album a deep backmasked voice chants repeatedly Join us. But the bands vocalist, Tom Araya said that they used it just for solely for effect (Hellqvist, 1998). Also the band, Cradle of Filth used Satanic Imagery, and released a song entitled Dinner at Deviants Palace, that song consists weird sounds and reverse reading of the Lords Prayer (Corbin). B. Subliminal Messages Fundamentalist Christian groups said that Satan use music to influence people with the use of Subliminal Messages. Subliminal messages backmasked into rock music influence its listeners to commit crime (Pastor Gary Greenwald). In 1982, Minister Jacob Aranza wrote a book entitled Backward Masking Unmasked, in that book, it explains how backmasking is used to open the subconscious mind and introduce its listeners to Satanism and drugs (Holden, 1983). The subconscious mind is being successfully affected by the repetition of beat and lyrics being affected through a subliminal message (Mills, 1981). B1. Influence of Subliminal Messages Because of these subliminal messages, crimes had been committed. Serial killer Richard Ramirez, said that AC/DC music and he specified that the song Night Prowler on Highway to Hell provoked him to commit murder (Watkins). David John Oates, a reverse speech advocate said that the song Highway to Hell contains backmasked message Im the law, my name is Lucifer and she belongs in hell (Von Ulrich, 1997). Angus Young of AC/DC stated that You didnt need to play (the album) backwards, because we never hid (the messages). Wed call an album Highway to Hell , there it was right in front of them (Young and Young, 2004). In 1990, two men in Nevada committed suicide because of the songs of a British heavy metal band, Judas Priest. The lawsuit of their family stated that the 1978 album Stained Class contained a hidden messages , including a forward subliminal message Do it in the song Better By You, Better Than Me. The judge dismissed the case due lack of sufficient evidence of Judas Priest place ment of subliminal message on the album (Vokey). The members of the Judas Priest stated that if they insert subliminal messages in their song, all of their fans have died and instead of doing that, they would prefer to insert a subliminal command Buy more of our records (Van Taylor). C. Backmasking used for critical and too explicit message Another use of song backmasking is for critical or too explicit messages in a soundtrack. Frank Zappa is one example of artists who used backmasking to avoid critical or too explicit message. He used it in his song Hot Poop from his album, Were Only in It for the Money released in 1968. The side A of the album contains a backmasked message Better look around before you say you dont careà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦/ Shut your fà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.king mouth bout the length of my hairà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦/ How would you survive / If you were alive / Shitty little person? . The verse originally came from the song Mother People, and was censored by Verve Records, so Zappa edited it, he reversed it, and insert in his album as Hot Poop (Pacholski). D. Backmasking used for Aesthetics Another use of backmasking is for aesthetics, which means to enhance the meaning of a track (Blecha). During the subliminal message trial of the band Judas Priest, its lead vocalist, Rod Halford admitted the recording of words In the dead of the night, love bites backwards in the song Love Bites that came from the album Defenders of Faith that was released in 1984. In an interview, he was asked why he recorded the message, Halford answered that When youre composing songs, youre always looking for new ideas, new sounds (Zwerin, 1999). Related from this technique is to reverse a whole instrumental track. Vocalist of the band Beatles, John Lennon wanted to do it in their song Rain but their producer, George Martin and bandmate, Paul McCartney disagree with him and cut the backward section to 30 seconds (Stevens, 2002). E. Backmasking used for Humorous and Parody message Backmasking is also used for hiding comedic or parodical message backwards in a song. In 1966, the B-side of Napoleon XIV s single Theyre Coming to take me Away Ha-Haaa! is a reverse version of the record entitled aaaH-aH, yawA em ekat ot gnimoC eryeht(Anonymous). Pink Floyd puts a backmasked message in the song Empty Spaces from 1979s The Wall, Congratulations. You have just discovered the secret message. Please send your answer to Old Pink, care of the Funny Farm, Chalfont/Roger! Carolynes on the phone! /Okay. This message refers to Syd Barrett, the former lead singer of the band who is thought to have suffered nervous breakdown years earlier (Patterson). F. Backmasking used for Censorship Backmasking is also used for censorship. It is used to censor words and phrases deemed inappropriate on radio edits and clean album releases. One example of this is The Fugees clean version of the album The Score it contains various backmasked profanities (Nelson, 1998), when the album is played backwards, the censored words are clearly heard in the backward gibberish (Anonymous, 2006). For example, the word shit, after it was backmasked it would give a sound ish, as a result ish became a euphemism for the word shit (Rader, 2002). III. Artists that were accused using Baskmasking According to Blecha, Arar, Poundstone, Deusner, Tetley and Searcey these are the artists who used backmasking: Led Zeppelin, The Beatles, Pink Floyd, Electric Light Orchestra, Queen, Styx, AC/DC, Judas Priest, The Eagles, The Rolling Stones, Jefferson Starship, Black Oak Arkansas, Rush, Britney Spears and Eminem. Electric Light Orchestra or commonly called as ELO was accused of hiding satanic backmasked message in their album, Elorado that was released in 1974, the song entitled Elorado was said to contain the message He is the nasty one / Christ, you are infernal / It is said were dead men / Everyone who has the mark will live (Poundstone, 1983). Way back 1981, Styx was also accused of hiding a backmasked satanic message Satan move through our voices on their song Snowblind from their album Paradise Theatre (Holden, 1983). James Young, guitarist of the Styx, called the issue rubbish and stated that, If we want to make a statement, well do it in a way that people can understand us an d not in a way where you have to go out and buy a $400 tape player to understand us (Hoekstra, 1983). The famous of all is the Stairway to Heaven, 1971 song of the band, Led Zeppelin, the backward playing of a portion of the song results to a message Heres to my sweet Satan (Milner). The recording company, Swan Song Records gives a statement regarding the song, Stairway to Heaven, they said that Our turntables only play in one direction-forwards (Davis, 2007). And in an interview Robert Plant, vocalist of the band, Led Zeppelin denied the accusation, he said that To me its very sad, because Stairway To Heaven was written with every best intention, and as far as reversing tapes and putting messages on the end, thats not my dea of making music (Considine, 1983). IV. Comments of Society regarding the song Backmasking Christian Groups Christian websites have stated that backmasking is widely used to promote Satanism (Robinson). Dial-the-Truth Ministries, the web page of the Albama group argues for the satanic backmasking that lies in the song, Stairway to Heaven of Led Zeppelin saying that the contains a message, Its my sweet Satan Oh I will sing because I live with Satan (Watkins). Bible Believers, an Australian Christian group , quoted a statement from Backward Masking Unmasked, a book written by Jacob Aranza, about William Yarrolls proposal regarding the psychological effect of music to the subconscious: In the base of our brain, there is a check valve commonly known as Reticular Activating System. The left side of our brain is logical while the right side is creative, if the left side of our brain cannot decode the meaning of the strange word or phrase, the right side which is the creative one takes over and the message is acknowledge and stored. Parent Music Resource Center The Parent Music Resource Center is a committee formed by the American Government in 1985. Its main purpose is to increase parental control to the music selected by the children which may trigger violence and sexual suggestive (Anonymous). Dr. Joe Stuessy testified to the United States Congress at PMRC in 1985: Lyrics in some heavy metal music may be converted to subliminal, sometimes lower tracks are mixed with louder tracks and these lower tracks are heard by the subconscious mind and not the conscious the process of doing this is called backmasking. There is a disagreement between experts regarding the effect of subliminal. We need more research on that.

Thursday, September 19, 2019

Different Aspects of Love in Poetry Essay -- Love Poetry Poems Poets E

Different Aspects of Love in Poetry WHAT DO WE LEARN ABOUT DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF LOVE FROM POETRY SPANNING A PERIOD OF SEVEREAL HUNDRED YEARS? We have studied the greatest love poems ever written by men and women. These poets have used poems to emphasise their feelings and experiences of love and relationship. From these love poems written by famous poets, we find out that love is a complex subject matter and different poets intend to illustrate the aspects of love in their poems. These aspects are categorised into three different sections: firstly we see the joy of love; secondly the sexual desires of love and finally the pain of love. All of these aspects of love come from different periods of time. This era includes: William Shakespeare-16th Century; Donne and Marvell-17th Century; Byron, Wordsworth and Clare-19th Century: time of the romantic poets, Barrett Browning and Rossetti-late 19th Century: time of the Victorian poets. The following essay will express how these poets deal with the aspects of love and what we learn about different aspects of love from poetry spanning a period of several hundred years. â€Å"Sonnet 18†, written by William Shakespeare (1564-1616). He was an English playwright and a poet, recognised in much of the world as the greatest of all dramatists. Scholars have written thousands of books and articles about his plots, characters, themes and language. He is the most widely quoted author in history, and his plays have probably been performed more times than those of any other dramatist. ===================================================================== Shakespeare was also known for his plays and his sonnets are still among the world’s best-loved poems. =======... ...mparing it to positive and personal things and also believing that your love will last forever even after death will signify the trust and love that two people shared. In addition I have learnt you can use persuasive devices to convince your partner to give into your desires and also the loss of a loved one or the disappointment of love when it isn’t returned can have a profound effect on a person’s well being mentally and physically, this was expressed through the emotional and dramatic Romantic poems. To summarise, I have learnt that love can lead to happiness, where there is trust, love and care between two people to the sexual stress, where you want your partner to give into the sexual side of love to the end or loss of love, where someone you love dearly dies or the person you love doesn’t feel the same way about you and your love isn’t returned.

Wednesday, September 18, 2019

Adolf Hitler Essays -- Papers

Adolf Hitler When And Where He Was Born Adolf Hitler was born in Braunau, Austria, on April 20 1889. Adolf was the son of Klara and Alois Hitler. He was very hostile towards his father who was a minor customs officer on the Austro-German border, and deeply attached to his housewife mother. Adolf's father Alois used to beat on Adolf's half brother Alois Jr, but when Alois reached the age of 14 and had had enough of the beating, he ran away from home never to see his father again. This put Adolf next in line, and his discontent father then beat him. Hitler was a good student in the younger ranks of school gaining good grades with little effort. Eventually the time came when he had to take the next step up and choose which high school he wanted to attend. Hitler was very interested in art and so he wanted to go to a classical school. However, his father was eager for Adolf to follow in his footsteps as a civil servant and sent him to the Technical high school in the city of Linz in 1900. The city kids looked down upon Hitler, as he was only a country kid, Hitler's work began to slump due to his unhappiness. He did poorly in the first year getting kept back. Hitler hoped that if his father saw how little progress he was making at the technical school, that his father would allow him to go to a classical school, but this didn't work as the thought of Hitler becoming an artist in the eyes of his father were ridiculous. Hitler began his second year in high school as the oldest boy in his class as he was held back for the extra year. He had an advantage over the other boys and his grades did improve, but he still failed mathematics. Ge... ...rial for treason in a trial he had total advantage in. Hitler had the right to use the courtroom as a propaganda platform from which he could speak at any length on his own behalf, interrupt others at any time and even cross examine witnesses. Hitler admitted everything, however, put himself over as a German patriot wanting to take over Germany to do the right thing and not give in against the Treaty Of Versailles. Hitler accused the German politicians of being the guilty party because they where the people who stabbed the whole of Germany in the back by ending World War 1 and signing the Treaty Of Versailles. Hitlers tactics did and didn't work at the same time. He was found guilty however, where he could have had life imprisonment for what he did, he only got a 5 year sentence and was eligible for parole in 6 months.

Tuesday, September 17, 2019

Cadbury India

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Chocolates had its beginnings in the times of the Mayas and the Aztecs when they beat cocoa into a pulp and made a bitter frothy chocolate out of them. They first became popular in Europe in a highly unrefined form. Then the Hershey Food Company was the first to bring out chocolates in the currently popular solid form. The main ingredient of chocolates is cocoa, grown mainly on the equatorial zones of South America. The other ingredients that go into the making of chocolates are: sugar, milk solids, and permitted emulsifiers. Cocoa constitutes nearly 40% of the total raw material cost.The following report attempts to make a study on the chocolate industry and the position of the chocolate brand, Cadbury. The brand name chosen is the umbrella brand as we feel that the corporate name is recognised as a brand, not so much its individual products. The study will focus on the marketing and advertising strategy employed by Cadbury in the context of the Indian macro enviro nment and industry structure. The advertising strategy will be studied with respect to Cadbury's business and marketing objectives. The strategies adopted will be analyzed for each product offering.The same is followed to a minimal extent for its major competitor, Nestle India Limited, to get an understanding of where Cadbury stands. The report initially focuses on an examination of the industry environment and the product class. The report then goes on to analyse the corporate, marketing and advertising strategies adopted by the selected company and its main competitor. It concludes by looking at the future challenges and recommendations for the industry and the company. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION ; RESEARCH METHODOLOGY1 1. Research details(Type of research, Sample size, Sample design, DataCollection)8 2. Limitations of the project8 3. Market Segmentation9 4. Psychographics ; Demographics 12 Chapter 2 COMPANY PROFILE13 Chapter 3 KEY SUCCESS FACTORS 14 Chapter 4 PRODUC T PORTFOLIO 15 Chapter 5 STRATEGIC BRAND ANALYSIS 16 Chapter 6 ORGANISATION ANALYSIS 17 Chapter 7 COMPETITOR ANALYSIS 19 7. 1 Nestle (Strengths and Weaknesses)19 7. 2 Amul (Strengths and Weaknesses)21 7. 3 Cadbury (Strategy and Future Plans) 22 Chapter 8 CUSTOMER ANALYSIS 24 8. 1 Need gap analysis vis-a-vis competitors24Chapter 9 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS29 9. 1 The Chocolate Industry in India 29 Chapter 10 BRAND IDENTITY 30 Chapter 11 BRAND PRISM 31 Chapter 12 BRAND POSITIONING 33 Chapter 13 BRAND IMAGE 36 Chapter 14 BRAND PERSONALITY 37 Chapter 15 PORTERS FIVE FORCES FRAMEWORK 40 Chapter 16 FUTURE CHALLENGES42 Chapter 17 RECOMMENDATIONS TO GEAR UP FUTURE CHALLENGES 43 Annexure Appendix A: Porter’s 5 Forces Model44 Appendix B: Positioning with respect to the price segments45 Bibliography46 Chapter-1 INTRODUCTION AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 1. 1 Research DetailsType of Research: Exploratory and Descriptive. Sample Units: Two of the Number One brands in India namely Cadburys and Nestle, respectively, were chosen on the basis of their market shares. These two industries were chosen on the basis of the usage of the products, as the usage of FMCG’s is high and noticeable. Sample Design: Non-probability sampling was resorted to and the methods used is Convenience sampling and Judgment sampling. Samples size: The total sample size is 32, which includes consumers of all the two brands, retailers of Cadburys and Nestle. Data Collection: Data was collected both from secondary sources as well as rimary data was also collected. A structured questionnaire method was used to collect primary data. Secondary data was soured from various published sources which include magazine like A;M, Business India and Business world. Newspaper like Brand Equality, Brand wagon and The Times of India were also used. Annual Report of Cadburys and Nestle were also referred. Data was analyzed manually and with the help of computer software EXCEL, to make graphs and pie charts. 1. 2 Limitations of the project: 1. For generalization of the results a study needs to be undertaken based in a larger sample across different industries. . Since the study is confined to Mumbai only, the findings cannot be applied to other parts of the country. 1. 3 Market Segmentation This can be done in two ways: product forms and customer based. With Respect To Product Forms There are four major segments in the Indian Chocolate Industry: Moulded Chocolate Segment This segment constitutes 50% of the total market. Cadbury’s Dairy Milk (CDM) – Cadbury’s flagship brand – has 50% of this segment market. To position CDM in this segment Cadbury used the traditional demographic variables of age, socio-economic groups and usage intensity.CDM was positioned as a product that elders (parents) bought for children. Cadbury has actually associated itself to enduring and emotional values of love, sharing, parental affection, and reward. Considering that CDM practica lly acts as a trend setter for all the brands in this segment, this limited the positioning of the entire category towards children only. Amul attempted to expand the category by bringing in teenagers, but it was not successful. The Cadbury brands in this segment are CDM, Fruit ; Nut, Crackle, Bournville.CDM is basically the leading brand here, and the others act as an endorser basket for the company. Nestle forms 25% of this segment and the company’s major brands are Nestle Classic, Nestle Milk Chocolate and Nestle Crunch. From around 1993, this segment began showing signs of maturity. This was hurting CDM. This led to Cadbury attempting to rejuvenate the segment. They changed their core customer from children to that of the universe: both children and adults. This attempt at redefining the market to enticing all age groups helped bring about changes in the segment.Today, the notion associated with the consumption of chocolates is that of casualness instead of just product c onsumption. Today, this segment grows at 40% per annum, and is likely to remain an important segment for further growth. Countline Bars Segment This segment forms 33% of the chocolates market. This segment is mostly targeted at teenagers. Major Cadbury brands are 5-Star, Break, Real, Krisp, and Double Decker. 5-Star is doing well here (about 50% of the segment) while the rest of the brands act as endorser brands. Nestle has a minor presence in this category with its product Bar-One.Growth of a Sub Segment: Chocolate Wafers Chocolate wafers are the new products being offered by chocolate companies today in order to expand the market. In 1995, Cadbury and Nestle launched Perk and KitKat respectively. These were wafer–enrobed chocolates in a new context and a different benefit offering. Both chocolates had a snack positioning. Perk offered the anytime anywhere snack proposition – ‘Thodi si Pet Puja’, whereas KitKat tried to promote snacking through ‘Hav e a break, Have a KitKat. The growth rate of this segment is 15-20% annually, and is estimated to be worth over Rs. 00 crores, making it a very lucrative segment. Internationally, confectionery products like wafer chocolates have a very high tonnage and have a much bigger future than plain chocolates. Market research and success of these two brands suggest that Indian consumers are ready for accepting the wafer chocolate proposition. The conviction of both Cadbury and Nestle towards this segment can be gauged from the fact that both brands are seeing unprecedented allocation of funds, to the tune of 60% to 70% of the total advertisement budget of both companies on chocolates. Choco Panned SegmentsThis segment forms 4% of the total market and Cadbury has 100% of the market in this segment. The major brands are Nutties, Caramels, Butterscotch and Tiffins. All of these brands have been used by Cadbury to drive variety, induce gifting practices and serve to some specific taste preferenc es. Cadbury does not advertise these brands. They have been used as flanker products. The opportunity for growth in this segment is high what with the imminent entry of multinationals like Mars and Hershey’s. This is also likely to pose a threat to Cadbury, what with its complacency. Sugar Panned SegmentThis segment form 15% of the total market and Cadbury has about 98% of this segment, its major brands being Gems and Eclairs. Eclairs has been used strategically to foster chocolate consumption among children as well as adults by offering a tiny ‘guilt free, eat no more than a biteful’ at a convenient price point. (65% of Eclairs eaters are from the households earning less than Rs. 4000/- per month. ) Gems is still Cadbury’s primary tool to protect its franchise in the child segment. It was previously associated in its commercials with the international spy character, James Bond.Around 1995, Gems was repositioned to broad base its appeal from 3-6 years olds to teenagers as well. However this failed due to the product form which has become deeply rooted with kids and hence the company has reverted back to the target segment of kids with a new offering of ‘Chocogems'. With Respect To The Consumer Buying Power These are: 1. High income customers (price greater than Rs. 25 for 40 gm. ) who will go in for premium chocolate brands. 2. Middle income customers (price between Rs. 10 – 25) who are price sensitive. 3. Children, who are mostly price driven and will consume more of toffees in the price range of Rs. . 50 – 1. 1. 4 Psychographics And Demographics This is attempted in terms of the consumers. 1. High income customers – it is estimated the age group buying the chocolates will be 22 onwards. The income level is estimated to be Rs. 8000 per month. The customers are mostly urban, and are mostly professionals (engineers, doctors, executives, etc. ) The psychographic profile: They can either be individuals indulgi ng themselves, or they could be indulging their children. They are inner directed people who form their own values and norms and believe in not adhering blindly to social norms. They re somewhat occasion driven in their buying behaviour. 2. Middle income customers – it is estimated that the age group in this segment will be 15 plus. The income level is estimated to be around Rs. 5000 per month. The consumers can be urban, semi urban, and is currently spreading to rural areas. The psychographic profile: they are likely to be variety seeking in their behaviour. They are self expressing by nature and inner directed to an extent. They like to indulge themselves. Children – the upper age limit is estimated to be 12 years. They mostly purchase their chocolates with their pocket money.The consumers can be urban, semi urban, and rural, though their is a somewhat greater emphasis on urban. The psychographic profile: they are novelty seeking in behaviour. They are also fun lovin g. CHAPTER-2 COMPANY PROFILE Cadbury India Limited Cadbury India limited was set up as a wholly owned subsidiary of the UK-based Cadbury Schweppes Overseas Limited in July 1948. They started off by setting up production facilities at Thane to manufacture chocolates, malted foods, cocoa powder and drinking chocolate using the technical know how of the parent company.The company has manufacturing facilities at Malanpur and Induri. During 1997, the company invested Rs. 80 crores in the two factories. At Malanpur, the capacity of Eclairs (one of the Cadbury range of products) production was increased, a new wafer line was installed, and the chocolate making capacity was increased. This increase is from 7000 to 17000 tonnes. At Induri, a new moulded line was installed to manufacture center filled moulded in orange and coffee Truffle. Cadbury is the market leader in the Indian chocolate market with a share of 70% and sales of around 12000 tons.It has successfully differentiated its produc t over the years by strategic brand building. The company had realised that chocolates by itself do not satisfy any immediate needs (soft drinks would satisfy thirst, ice cream would provide relief from heat), so they would have to be associated with human feelings of romance, magic, love and affection. So it had at one point of time employed emotional attachment as basis of differentiation. This has lately been modified to including the rational perspective so as to catalyze increased consumption of chocolates within the family.KEY BUSINESS OBJECTIVE: – â€Å"to continuously provide products that are value for money†. CHAPTER-3 KEY SUCCESS FACTORS (KSF) On analysing the market, the phenomenal success of the company can be attributed to: The pioneer advantage (first mover advantage) – The company was the first to enter the Indian market, as early as 1956. For a long time, it was practically the only dominant player in the market. It, therefore, enjoyed a large s hare of both customer’s heart and mind. So much so that for an entire generation, chocolate was synonymous with Cadbury. It is only recently that the company has started facing some threat from Nestle.A strong endorser brand – Cadbury realised early that volumes would not be enough to support all its brands with heavy advertisements. Hence what they were to take CDM as the flagship brand and advertised it heavily to popularise the brand name to help the flanker brands around CDM. But in the last two years the company has spent extensively on the chocolate wafer segment (without treating it as a flanker brand of CDM), seeing as how the segment has been growing phenomenally. Right product formulation – the climatic conditions and the Indian taste are very different from the western markets where the company first started its operations.Cadbury was able to successfully reformulate its product as per the Indian conditions, while entrants like Nestle could not do so. Presence in all segments – Cadbury has a presence in the entire range, starting from low priced hard boiled sweets and sugar confectionery to the premium range of chocolates. The company also claims success in all these segments it has been entering recently. CHAPTER-4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO The following is the list of the major brands of the company: Cadbury’s Dairy Milk Cadbury’s Gems Cadbury’s Nutties Cadbury’s Crackle Cadbury’s 5 Star Cadbury’s Mr.Pops Cadbury’s Eclairs Cadbury's Truffle Cadbury's Gold Cadbury's Bournville Cadbury's Tiffins Cadbury's Butterscotch CHAPTER-5 STRATEGIC BRAND ANALYSIS OF CADBURY CHAPTER-6 ORGANIZATION ANALYSIS It was in 1824 that John Cadbury opened a shop in Birmingham in the UK. Originally selling tea and it was, however, the marginal lines of cocoa and chocolate that in just a few years took over as the mainstay of the business. The Cadbury Brothers first made milk chocolate in 1897, but by tod ay's standards was a very coarse dry product made by blending milk powder with cocoa and sugar.The Swiss who produced a superior product by using condensed milk then dominated the milk chocolate market. In the early 1900s George Cadbury was determined to meet this challenge and, together with the experts from the Bournville factory, started to research new recipes and production methods. By June 1904 the recipe was perfected and a delicious new milk chocolate made with full cream milk, and containing far more milk than any previously known product, was ready to go into production. Although considerable technological advances have since been made in the production processes, the recipe is still basically the same as it was in 1904.In 1905 the chocolate was launched under the name Cadbury  Dairy  Milk. Cadbury India limited was set up as a wholly owned subsidiary of the UK-based Cadbury Schweppes Overseas Limited in July 1948. BRAND CHARTER VISION:- â€Å"Cadbury in every pocketà ¢â‚¬  and â€Å"Superior Shareholder Value† PURPOSE:-â€Å"Working together to create brands people love†. VALUES:- Cadbury is an international company, proud of their long heritage, respectful of the social and natural environment in which they operate, supportive of their consumers, customers and colleagues and passionate about success.Cadbury believes in making, marketing and selling unique brands which give or bring  pleasure to millions of consumers around the world every day. Cadbury is committed to the highest standards of corporate governance and corporate and social responsibility. BRAND TEXTURE:- Chocolate-The very word makes your mouth water. Chocolate is not just a food it’s a state of mind. Throughout history, chocolate has been associated with romance and sharing, and today the richness and smoothness of Cadbury chocolate is what makes it one of the world's favorite treats.Cadbury is a world-renowned name with more than 150 years of chocolate he ritage. Available in over 160 countries, Cadbury is the single largest brand in chocolate on an international basis. The Cadbury name can be seen in all chocolate related categories including confectionery, ice cream, cakes, biscuits, chilled desserts and chocolate based drinks. Synonymous with the very word chocolate, Cadbury has a unique relationship with the consumer. This relationship is underpinned by the powerful visual icons of the Cadbury brands – the Cadbury signature, the colour purple, the ‘glass and a half' trademark, and the chocolate itself.These all come together to form the brand identity-the Cadbury Master Brand. Cadbury had realized that chocolates by itself do not satisfy any immediate needs (soft drinks would satisfy thirst, ice cream would provide relief from heat), so they would have to be associated with human feelings of romance, magic, love and affection. So it had at one point of time employed emotional attachment as basis of differentiation. T his has lately been modified to including the rational perspective so as to catalyze increased consumption of chocolates within the family. CHAPTER-7 COMPETITOR ANALYSISIndian Chocolate market having a turnover of Rs. 350 crore (20,000 tonnes) has three major market players CIL dominating the market by capturing 70% of the market share, followed by Nestle having 20% of market share, Amul having a niche market of 7% and remaining 3% with small players. 7. 1 Nestle India Limited: Nestle is a strong player in chocolates world wide but it entered the Indian market much later (in 1991) than one of its global competitor Cadbury. . Nestle ended 1997with a 41% increase in their net profit with Rs. 74. 3 crores. The net sales of the company amounted to Rs. 425 crores, which is an 18% increase over last year. Out of this, chocolates had a 31% increase in the sales turnover. Nestle’s initial foray into the Indian market was not very successful. The problem was in the formulation of the product. They were soft chocolates with high fat content which were unsuitable to the Indian climate. Also, the distribution focus had been on the larger cities and urban areas, which limited their customer base. It was with the launch of KitKat that the company’s strategy changed with respect to both product and distribution.It increased its distribution network to cover small towns and interiors as well, so as to increase their customer base. It also modified the formulation of the moulded chocolates to suit the Indian conditions. The company used three layers of foil packaging so that KitKat could survive the summer heat. The product was targeted at the casual consumers of chocolates – primarily adults through a clear proposition of fulfilling a snacking need which basically took advantage of the fact that the existing chocolates in the market were too heavy to be had as a light snack.The company sees a huge potential in the wafer covered with milk chocolate, not on ly in the chocolate market but also in the premium biscuit market. The company is trying to expand the market in this direction by portraying it as a product taken during the breaks. The distribution and packaging are in harmony with the broad marketing plans of the company. Nestle followed a strategy of distributing its chocolates in ice-lined Sintex tanks to protect them. KitKat currently has the maximum reach in terms of the number of outlets it accesses.This has helped the company to increase the consumer base and to sell the new concept. KitKat packaging synergies with the total brand appeal. It has been packaged to keep the product fresh, crisp and protected from the harsh climactic conditions in the country. Special packaging is also integral to KitKat break ritual, which plays a part in the brand mystique. Nestle owes much of the success of its Eclair to the price point at which it was kept. Nestle Eclair has a filling of white chocolate. This makes it relatively less expose d to the perils of high excise duties faced by other Eclairs.The white chocolate filling also -makes it different in the taste and therefore Cadbury Eclairs for a long time neglected it as its competitor. Taking advantage of the exemption from excise hike, Nestle has priced its Eclair appropriately in a price sensitive market. Taking this price advantage, it has been able to corner 7. 5% of the market for chocolates as a whole and 27% of the market for eclairs. Milky Bar is a white chocolate from Nestle and is targeted primarily at children. The sugary taste of the white chocolate appeals to the children.It is positioned as a source of energy and nutrition (Ad Line – Milkybar, give me the power). The positioning is used to influence the decision-making unit for the consumers in this segment i. e. their –parents. The health and nutrition oriented proposition is used to counter the negative perception of the parents that chocolates are bad for the teeth and unhealthy. Ne stle have also entered the sugar confectionery market, in direct competition with Cadbury by offering Allen's Splash, and Allen's Koffees, and Allen's Butterscotch.With eroding margins and increasing competition, Nestle has also started to look at exports to boost its turnover. Strengths: †¢ Market leader in coffee and baby food sector †¢ Well-established distribution network extending to rural areas. †¢ Strong brands in the FMCG sector. †¢ Low cost operations †¢ Large product portfolio. Weaknesses: †¢ Low presence in health drinks: – In comparison to Bournvita, Horlicks and Boost the market penetration of MILO is very low. †¢ Low Market Share in chocolates as compared to Cadbury’s. †¢ Didn’t get the first movers advantage. Initially the distribution focus had been on the larger cities and urban areas, which limited their customer base. 7. 2 Amul (Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Limited):- Amul is the third p layer in the chocolate market in India. This brand does not have any international lineage and is miniscule in terms of market share in chocolates, as compared to the other two players Cadbury and Nestle. Amul had an extremely focused positioning of ‘A gift for someone you Love’, albeit not targeted at a single age group. Strengths: †¢ Strong and extensive distribution and sales network. Large market penetration in dairy industry †¢ Age old market presence carries a traditional image. †¢ Quality and purity and trust as consumer relationship. †¢ Value for money and low price. Weaknesses: †¢ No focus on the chocolate industry. †¢ Lack of organizational commitment. †¢ Amul chocolates have shown a very limited product differentiation. †¢ Low retailers margin. 7. 3 CADBURY: Cadbury’s strategy is to create robust and sustainable regional positions in its two core markets, confectionery and beverages, through organic growth, acqui sitions and disposals.It has exited markets where its believed it did not have or could not build, sustainable business models. It has strengthened existing positions and extended its presence in higher margin, faster growing product categories or geographies within its core markets. The company follows a multi branding strategy i. e. having more than one brand cater to a particular segment that may even lead to the cannibalization of sales of one brand. The game plan for the company is to increase the consumption of chocolate and confectionery among adults by offering products in convenient packs at affordable price. FUTURE PLAN:-To develop the future we need a clear understanding of the future. Cadbury’s has these goals for the years ahead:- †¢ Deliver superior shareowner returns on the back of superior business performance †¢ Profitably and significantly increase its share of the global confectionery market †¢ Profitably secure and then grow its share of the regional beverages markets in which the company has chosen to participate †¢ To reinforce its reputation as a Company which motivates, develops and rewards employees for superior performance and make a difference in the communities in which it does business. To develop brands with mass franchise and widen out its distribution network further into the rural sector †¢ Keeping with the awareness that new product development provides the key to growth in this market †¢ Launch one new product every year and extend its sugar confectionery range â€Å"The future strategy of the company is to maintain its dominance. † CHAPTER-8 CUSTOMER ANALYSIS 8. 1 NEED GAP ANALYSIS VIS-A-VIS COMPETITORS: 1. Based on Retail Price: [pic] 2. Based on Packaging: [pic] 3. Based On Brand Name: [pic] 4. Based on CustomersHigh income customers – it is estimated the age group buying the chocolates will be 22 onwards. The income level is estimated to be Rs. 8000 per month. The custome rs are mostly urban, and are mostly professionals (engineers, doctors, executives, etc. ) Middle income customers – it is estimated that the age group in this segment will be 15 plus. The income level is estimated to be around Rs. 5000 per month. The consumers can be urban, semi urban, and is currently spreading to rural areas. Children – the upper age limit is estimated to be 12 years. They mostly purchase their chocolates with their pocket money.The consumers can be urban, semi urban, and rural, though there is a somewhat greater emphasis on urban. The psychographic profile: they are novelty seeking in behaviour. They are also fun loving. Consumer Buying Behaviour:- The product category comes under Fast Moving Consumer Foods (FMCG) and the product is generally purchased as a convenience good. The general characteristics of this product are: It is a low involvement product, but there are significant differences in various brands in market. The following matrix may hel p in studying the behavior of consumer for this particular product category.High InvolvementLow involvement Significant differences Complex buying behavior Variety seeking behaviour Between brands * chocolates Few differencesDissonance reducingHabitual buying Between brandsbuying behaviorbehaviour In this category, consumers are often found to do a lot of brand switching. Although the consumer expects some benefits from chocolates, but he chooses a brand without much evaluation, and evaluate it during consumption only. But next time, quite often he may reach for another brand out of boredom or a wish for a different taste.Brand switching occurs for the sake of variety rather than dissatisfaction. Since Cadbury has 70 % of market share, this variety-seeking behavior had not affected its sales negatively. This had been possible due to various factors like lack of strong competition. However, with the new entrants in the market, there has been stiff competition. There are few segments like wafer chocolates segment where company faces strong competition from Nestle, the second major player in the market. In these segments company should try to increase brand loyalty for its brands.This increased consumer loyalty will also act as deterrent towards development of strong competitors in other segments. Further to increase the overall size of market, company should try to increase consumer’s involvement with chocolates. The company has its products focused around three basic propositions:- ( Drives attitudes and behaviour: This is led by the company's flagship brand Cadbury Dairy Milk (CDM). CDM is currently positioned on the emotional plank of spontaneity and self-expression and is targeted mainly on the adult consumer. Drives Snacking Consumption: It has two main brands in this category – 5 Star & Perk. However both the brands are positioned in a slightly different manner. Perk is positioned as a any time snack anywhere, whereas 5 star is positioned as a Energy Bar. †¢ Drives variety, gifting and taste preference: The two brands in this category are Gems and Eclairs. However, there is a lot of difference between these two brands. While Gems is targeted primarily at children, Eclairs is a chocolate simulator, which simulated the taste and the feel of the chocolate but has to popped in the mouth like a toffee |Drives attitude and |Drives snacking and consumption |Drives variety, gifting and taste | | |behaviour | |preference | |Endorsers |Dairy Milk |5-Star |Gems | | | |Perk |Dairy Milk Eclairs | |Flankers |Bournville |Break |Butterscotch | | |Crackle | |Caramels | | |Nut Milk | |Nutties | | |Fruit & Nut | |Tiffins | | |Creamy Bar | | | | |Roast Almond | | | |Prodigals | | |Overtures (now withdrawn) | | | | |All Silk | Besides these endorsing brands, Cadbury traditionally has maintained a whole battery of flank and satellites in its brand portfolio.It has always focused on preempting any moves by a competitor by launching a bra nd of its own. The threat of Nestle's entry led to the launch of tactical brands like All Silk, Crackle and Break. Therefore, in the Cadbury's brand system, the flanker brands are used for the tactical purpose of plugging a gap in the segment where the threat of entry by a rival brand was imminent. Cadbury has also entered the sugar confectionery range of Googly and Mocka with the intention of expanding its range further. However, Nestle's successful entry through KitKat in the wafer segment proved that unless you support your flank brands actively, they are not going to be of any use in blocking competition.And hence Cadbury is showing some active interest in the area. CHAPTER-9 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS 9. 1 The Chocolate Industry in India The chocolate industry in India has a size of 20000 tonnes and is worth about Rs. 400 crores. The chocolate market has been growing by nearly 35%; however there has been some slowdown in the last two years. The chocolate market is predominan tly urban with coverage of 95%. The sales volume have decreased by 5% in the last year and the chocolate market had declined with the average consumption coming down by 25% from 16000 tonnes to the current level of 12000 in the first quarter of 1997, largely due to the steep hike in excise duties. However, this trend has seen kind of a reversal in the latter half of 1997. Cadbury India limited was set up as a wholly owned subsidiary of the UK-based Cadbury Schweppes Overseas Limited. The parent company is the fourth largest in the world chocolate market, after Mars, Nestle, and Philip Morris. They set up operations here as far back as 1948, and will thus be completing 50 years of its existence here. Cadbury’s milk chocolate was first introduced in the Indian market in 1956. It made an immediate impact, quickly becoming the market leader – a success story, even to this day. The Major Players The major national players in the chocolate market in India are: Cadbury India LimitedNestle India Limited Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Limited (Amul) Two giants – Cadbury and Nestle, dominate the combined chocolate and eclair market. Together they have a 90% share of the entire market. Amul holds a 5% share, and is present only in the moulded chocolate segment of the market CHAPTER-10 BRAND IDENTITY Definition: Brand identity is a unique set of brand associations that the brand strategist aspires to create or maintain. These associations represent what the brand stands for and imply a promise to customers from the organization members. Brand Identity Structure of Cadbury CHAPTER-11 BRAND PRISM Picture of sender (company)Taste, wholesome Friendly, Indulgent Physique Personality Liberation,Relationship Culture Individualism, Self Indulgence Casual, Independent Reflection Self Image Free child Picture of recipient (Customer) BENEFITS DERIVED FROM CADBURY BRAND †¢ Functional Benefit: Taste and contented †¢ Emotional Benefit: Happ iness †¢ Self-Expressive Benefit: Being yourself. liberation CHAPTER-12 BRAND POSITIONING Cadbury is the perfect expression of spontaneous, happy, joyous feelings. Eating Cadbury provides the  Ã‚   ‘Real Taste of Life’ experience. [pic] Positioning is the space occupied by Cadbury in the minds of the consumer.For the chocolate market, Cadbury is pitted against competitors like Nestle, Amul and substitutes like, chips, biscuits and other light snacks. Idea of positioning Cadbury is to occupy a distinct space, which is differentiable, yet powerful. The positioning of Cadbury in India is as follows: †¢ Thodi si pet puja kabhi bhi kahi bhi† †¢ Kya swad hai zindagi main †¢ Khane ka bahana chahiye Cadbury is the perfect expression of spontaneous, happy, joyous feelings. Eating CDM provides the ‘Real Taste of Life’ experience Basis of positioning Cadbury India believes in the following when it comes to positioning: †¢ Product based positioning †¢ Strong corporate brand. Product based positioning Quality/Value |Associations with Use Occasion | | | | |Kya swad hai zindagi main. |Thodi si pet puja kabhi bhi kahi bhi. | |The quality aspect is hugely emphasized in Cadbury. Even the |Cadbury can be consumed anytime as has been expressed in its | |physique, particularly the visuals(glass and a half symbol) |advertisement continuously. | STRONG CORPORATE BRAND Consumers know they can trust a chocolate bar that carries Cadbury branding. The relationship between Cadbury and individual brands is symbiotic with some brands benefiting more from the Cadbury relationship, i. e. ure chocolate brands such as Dairy Milk. Other brands have a more distant relationship, as the consumer motivation to purchase is ingredients other than chocolate, e. g. Crunchie. Thus the positioning of the umbrella brand Cadbury is such that it signifies trust to a great extent because of which the brand has a massive fan following. CHAPTER-13 BRAND IMAGE â€Å"Taste of life†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Be your self, care â€Å"free Brand image is what is perceived by the customers across the target segment. Its target segment can be divided into following segments: †¢ Kids †¢ Teenagers †¢ Mature adults Use based segmentation: Festivals such as Holi, Diwali. Occasions such as Valentines Day, birthdaysFor kids means enjoying the taste of chocolate and life. For adults the values are self expression. CHAPTER-14 BRAND PERSONALITY Many of the world's most powerful brands spend a great deal of time putting personality into their brands. It is the personality of a brand that can appeal to the four functions of a person's mind. For example, people make judgments about products and companies in personality terms. They might say, â€Å"I don't think that company is very friendly†, â€Å"I feel uneasy when I go into that branch†, â€Å"I just know that salesmen is not telling the truth about that product† or â€Å"That offer doesn't smell right to me†. Their minds work in a personality driven way.Given that this is true, then how can a company create a personality for its product or for itself? The answer lies in the choice and application of personality values and characteristics. A product's brand personality is a description of its characteristics in relation to the target market for the product. It assists marketers to develop suitable advertising and promotional campaigns for the product. The following diagram shows the Brand Personality of Cadbury. [pic] Cadbury’s different brands have different Brand Personalities. Some of them are discussed below: †¢ Cadbury’s Dairy Milk – The Rebel Leader Brand Personality of youthful exuberance and rebelliousness †¢ 5 Star – The champion companionMale personality and reliability †¢ Perk – The girl next door Brand personality of a warm, perky, naughty accessible, Indian girl next door â⠂¬ ¢ Milk Treat – Children’s Superhero For kids and School going children CHAPTER-15 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES FRAMEWORK [pic] MAKING OF THE BRAND CADBURY IN INDIA When Cadbury entered Indian market it knew that that India is a tough nut to crack with its vast and diverse geographical and cultural diversifications. Major challenges for Cadbury India was to get people accustomed to chocolates- primarily seen as a western taste and do so by reaching out to the masses in a land where mindsets and preferences are as diverse as the country itself.It decided to use a common platform that is universal to all cultures –‘The platform of love and affection’. It used emotional appeals to position its brand as a surrogate to parental affection for their children. The positioning clicked for Cadbury but the brand audit done a few years later revealed that it had restricted its market to the kids. To grow it had to target the elders also. So what was the next B ig Idea? The marketers decided to position the product ‘for the kid in all of us’. The communication for the new positioning was ‘The Real Taste of Life’. It portrayed itself as a perfect expression of spontaneous happy, joyous feelings.Cadbury conducts regular audits and tries to reinvent its strategies according to the findings of the audits. CHAPTER-16 FUTURE CHALLENGES Cadbury was recently plagued with allegations of supplying Worm infected chocolates. It received huge negative publicity and needs to avoid such fatal mistakes. The root cause for the above problem lies in the Distribution. Chocolates are a perishable product and therefore needs to be supplied to a retail outlet as fast as possible. At the same time retailers should be compensated for any stock that has expired without any hassles. The products also need to be transported in a refrigerated environment as they melt in room temperature. This Therefore needs to clearly redefine its distribut ion strategies.As Indian markets become more receptive to globalization there are chances of more and more MNCs entering the Indian market. Cadbury needs to maintain its brand equity through regular innovative advertisements and promotions. There is a growing threat from local substitutes. The Sweet shops are reinventing themselves and coming up with their own versions of chocolates. These find favor with the local tastes and are available in many varieties. Both MNC and Local Bakery brands are expanding their operations. Theses bakeries are manufacturing various verities of chocolates locally with local blends. They do not have to invest in extensive distribution and have as good quality as Cadbury. Their USP is providing fresh chocolates.Cadbury has to reinvent its strategies to face such future challenges. CHAPTER-17 RECOMMENDATIONS TO GEAR UP FOR FUTURE CHALLENGES †¢ Cadbury’s major problems are linked to the need for very responsive distribution network due to the p erishable nature of its products. Costs go up and problems like the recent worm episode arise. What we suggest is a revamping of its distribution network to make it more responsive. †¢ Indian consumers mainly consume sweets during some festivals. It must come up with innovative offerings for its chocolates to suit the need during such occasions. e. g. : Come up with shapes similar to Indian Sweets and package it innovatively reflecting the festival colors. Start exploring newer distribution channels like E-tailing where Hi-value chocolates are sold in specialized packs. [pic] Appendix B Positioning with respect to the price segments | Positioning |Drives attitude and behaviour |Drives snacking and consumption |Drives variety, gifting and taste | |Price | | |preferences | |High | |KitKat |Cadbury’s Fruit & Nut | |(above Rs. 25 for 40 | | |Cadbury’s Roast Almond | |gms. | | |Cadbury’s Bournville | | | | |Cadbury’s Nut Milk | | | | |Tango Almond | |Medi um |Cadbury’s Crackle |Cadbury’s Perk |Tango Fruit & Nut | |(Rs. 10-25 for 40 |Cadbury’s Dairy Milk | |Cadbury’s Creamy Bar | |gms. | | |Tango Cashew | | | | |Tango Crispy | | | | |Amul Fruit & Nut | | | | |Nestle Crunch | |Low |Nestle Premium Milk |Nestle Milkybar |Amul Milk Chocolate | |(below Rs. 10 for 40 |Nestle Classic |Kandos |Amul Bitter | |gms. |Tango Milk |Chuckles |Amul Orange | | | |Nestle Bar One |Amul Crisp | | | |Cadbury’s Break |Cadbury’s Relish | | | |Cadbury’s Five Star |Nestle Rich Dark | | | | |Mystique | BIBLIOGRAPHY Kapferer, Jean-Noel. â€Å"Strategic Brand Management†. The Free Press. A division of Macmillan, Inc. 1992 Edition Kotler, Philip. â€Å"Marketing Management† Analysis, Planning, Implementation, and Control Prentice-Hall, Inc. Eighth Edition Aaker, David, et al, â€Å"Advertising Management† Prentice-Hall, Inc. Fourth Edition Business Line ‘Catalyst' – Thu. Feb 19,199 8. Financial express ‘Brand Wagon' – Fri, Oct. 27, 1995 Internet Sources: †¢ www. business-standard. com †¢ www. financialexpress. com †¢ www. conomictimes. com †¢ www. hinduonline. com †¢ www. indiaserver. com †¢ www. expressindia. com †¢ www. indiainformer. com †¢ www. cadbury. co. uk †¢ www. india-today. com/btoday Back issues of A&Ms ———————– CADBURY Competitor Analysis ? Strength & Weakness ? Strategies ? Future Plan forecast Organization Analysis ? Vision, values and culture ~ brand texture ? Resource utilization Ext. Environment Analysis ? Policies & Govt. regulations (PEST) ? Technological ? Political Customers Analysis ? Need gap analysis ? Consumer behaviour Uti l ity Retail price C N A Utility Pkg. design A N C Utility A N C Brand name Joyful, lighthearted, CarefreeDairy Milk, Perk, Fruit and Nut, Crackle, Kit kat â€Å"The real taste of life† Stars: Ba chan, Zinta, Cyrus Real Taste of Life Brand Essence: spontaneous, happy, joyous feelings. Across the age Half full glass of milk pouring into chocolate and forming the C of Cadbury Cadbury Relationship Customer Cadbury For whom: Kids, teens, mums, adults, mature adults. (FOR EVERYBODY) Why? Offers rich taste Kya swad hai zindagi main Against whom: Competitors like, Nestle, Amul Substitutes like, Chips, Biscuits. When: All purpose consumable. Gifts, Light snack Receiver â€Å"current perception† Sender â€Å"Goal† Cadbury’s Brand Personality Reliable Down-to-Earth Fun-Loving Indulgent Confident FriendlyCadbury’s Brand Personality Indian sweets having chocolate flavor Many MNC’s planning to enter India. Also there threats from existing players in confectionary industry wanting to enter choclates. Vertical Integration could increase bargaining power of suppliers. Indian consumers are price sensitive and may easily switch. High rivalry but Cadbury enjo ys a good brand recall. Substitutes Substitutes like IceCreams, potato chips, biscuits, soft drinks, chewing gum, are a source of threat as well as opportunity for market expansion. Suppliers Major raw material Suppliers are cocoa producers in Latin American countries. Due to negligible Domestic production inIndia, suppliers enjoy high bargaining power. Milk supply also fluctuates, therefore, in summer months, milk suppliers gain sufficient bargaining power. Competitors Duopoly Both the major players have Financial muscle to sustain their Brands All players following a pull strategy. Buyers Since chocolates do not satisfy any immediate needs, it is not a necessary item. Consumer power is very high and consumers need to be persuaded through various positioning planks to consume chocolates. New Entrants Imminent entry of global majors like Hershey's, Mars etc. is bound to change the power equation in the Indian chocolate market. Appendix A Porter's 5 Forces Model

Monday, September 16, 2019

Organizational change Essay

Organizational change is everywhere, and its pace is increasing. Its objectives or why it is important is because after certain years of existence and evaluations there are areas and aspects in the organization that needs to be improved. Taking for example its quality of work life, at a certain point it needs to be elevated from where it was before. It can happen that during hiring time people are designated to wrong positions. Organizational change will enable the company to put the right people in the right place, to make them better people as their efficiency and utility will be to the maximum. In this way the company can adjust salary scale on the basis of the performance or output of employees. In the same way also in terms of personnel management, it can be an occasion for studying more specific positions for possible promotion or for trimming down extra baggage. Competition is so tight and for a company to meet the demands of the market an organizational change is important to have a higher quality of productivity and to improve certain strategies as to be in tune with the times. Technology comes and after sometimes new innovations are on the line again, to remain in ones business beliefs and practices the company will be left behind. Organizational change is important as it seeks to enhance its beliefs, values, attitudes, also its structures so that the organization can better adapt to competitive actions, technological advances, and the past pace of other changes in the business world. Another necessity for organizational change is brought about by some failures in the past in the training and orientation of the employees. The attempt to bring them to work without being able to let them carry or support the vision and failure to let the employees see that they are the central element of the organization brings poor result. Organizational change therefore is crucial to allow interplay of structure, technology and people working in it, to result to a higher quality of work life, adaptivity, effectiveness, better marketing strategies, and excellent productivity.

Sunday, September 15, 2019

Effect of Immigration Essay

Effect of Immigration Our communities are made up of so many different cultures, in our own group of friends we probably have Hispanics, African Americans, Asians and the list goes on and on. Our country is made up of so many people with different backgrounds that come to make a better future for themselves and their families. We see Hispanic super markets in our community, local Mexican restaurants or even flags from different countries in front of businesses. Immigrants cause an impact in our society politically, economically and culturally. The issue of immigration is major ebate in the united states. Although critics argued of negative impacts of immigrants such as overcrowding, drug trafficking and threatening of American culture, immigrants still have a great impact in our society. As stated before immigration has a big say on politics. We are starting to see how elections try to a pile to the Hispanic culture (Ildefonso Mendez and Isabel M. Cutillas) for example, when Obama went to Miami he tried to ask for coffee in Spanish. Recently, people wanting to reunite with their family members who may already have citizenship in he United States has been the major cause of immigration. More than one million people are coming to the United States for different reasons(lldefonso Mendez and Isabel M. Cutillas). Causes of immigration include religious freedom, better standard of living financially the need to bring their business to America, and academically for their children. Because of these uncontrollable reasons, the American Fernandez 2 government has created laws to legalize the residency of the immigrants (Ildefonso Mendez and Isabel M. Cutillas). Many of these reasons may sound pretty familiar to s because either we know people who are here for those reasons or we are here for those reasons. Those who argue against immigration do not realize that these immigrants benefit the economy. The American dollar has such a value, immigrants looking for a better living financially will get any type of Job that pays better than they were getting paid in their home country. They are the ones taking the unwanted Jobs by Native Americans(Alexandra Vinogradova pg. 201). Immigrants are usually forced to take unwanted Jobs for a low wage because they are not well educated or not luent in English ( Alexandra Vinogradova pg. 01). If you look around at the Food Court in any mall in south Florida, you will realize that most of the workers who keep the mall clean are either Hispanic or Caribbean. Nursing homes are filled with either HHA or CNA being either Hispanic or Caribbean also (Tomas R. Jimenez and Adam L. Is Panda Express American or Asian? Apparently it is Asian; Horowitz pg. 849). yet, at the mall the lines are filled with Americans waiting to be served Asian food. This is the impact the culture of immigrants has had on Americans. They bring a new ulture in America, which some most Americans embrace while others reject it. Those whom embrace it cook less at home and order Pizza’s which is an Italian Meal, Chinese food or Taco Bell, the Mexican Restaurant. There so many things we don’t stop to realize or take for granted but are there thanks to immigration. Immigration is in our daily lives, wherever we go, we have to deal with it. It has become part of the American living. Another example would be Sedano’s the Cuban Supermarket. This Fernandez 3 company easily provides Jobs for the Hispanic immigrant population. Because Cubans operate the company’s management, the use of English language may not necessarily be required because of the Hispanic environment. There is no need for them to speak English if their Boss, co-workers and customers all speak the same language. Such companies create thousands of Jobs and add to the economy. The issue of foreign workers has had an impact on politics. The beneficial aid of these skilled foreign workers has caught the government’s attention to permit them legal residence while in America (Ariana Mangual Figueroa pg. 333). An H-1 B visa is iven to skilled foreign workers for a limited time(Ariana Mangual Figueroa pg. 333). Unfortunately, once their Job ends they are no longer welcomed in America. H-1 B workers have impressed the Americans. Politicians on Capital Hill, led by Republican Senator Spencer Abraham of Michigan and Republican Representative David Dreier of California; have sponsored legislation to increase the number of H-1Bs from 1 15, 000 to 195, 000 per year, and President Clinton and House Minority Leader Richard Gephardt support the increase Oudis) (Ariana Mangual Figueroa pg. 333). If these mmigrants will not cause us a deficit or harm us, we should welcome them to work. After all, they contribute to the technology field and help our economy. By helping, they also keep the value of the dollar high which benefits them when they return home. Many have argued against immigration while pro-immigration respond that America was built by immigrants. Recently, Hispanics and Haitians have had an impact in America. They provide culture diversity. Hispanics have bought in their language to Florida . Signs are now written in both English and Spanish. Some Jobs require that you are bilingual in order to be employed.